NAD+ is a substance found in every cell of the body and is essential for regulating the genes that accelerate aging.
It plays a significant role in transferring energy from fatty acids and glucose to the mitochondria, converting it into cellular energy.
When NAD+ levels decrease, energy transfer within the cells is disrupted, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and symptoms of aging.
Fortunately, by increasing NAD+ levels within cells, mitochondrial dysfunction can be reversed.
Effects of NAD+ reduction due to aging:
Neurodegeneration in the brain
Vascular inflammation, which can lead to stroke or heart attack
Increased fat storage in the liver, potentially leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Increased production and deposition of fat in white adipose tissue, mainly in the abdomen
Insulin resistance, which can cause metabolic syndrome
Fatigue, loss of muscle strength, and fatty infiltration of muscles
How does NAD+ combat aging?
NAD+ combats aging by activating enzymes called sirtuins, such as SIRT1 and SIRT3, which contribute to longevity by controlling gene expression. Increasing NAD+ levels through caloric restriction can activate sirtuins at any age. Studies in yeast and worms have shown that increasing NAD+ levels improves sirtuin functio and extends lifespan.
Vitamin B3 and NAD+
Nicotinamide riboside, a form of vitamin B3, converts to NAD+ in the body and has been shown in many studies to improve mitochondrial function and activate sirtuins. Nicotinamide riboside can protect brain cells and reduce the risk of heart disease. It is available in tablet or capsule form and aims to reverse the signs of aging from within the body.
Supplements that increase NAD+
Studies in mice have shown that higher doses of supplements that increase NAD+ improved health and delayed signs of aging. In humans, these supplements can enhance athletic performance in the elderly, increase insulin sensitivity, reduce cholesterol, and limit inflammation.
